當地化

alignment - 對應: CAT process which associates segments of text from source and target language pairs of a translated document to build translation memories.
attribute - 屬性
big5 - 大五碼: most common character set used in Taiwan, over 20,000 characters, including 13,053 Chinese characters
bit - 位元
byte - 位元組
CAT - 電腦輔助翻譯, 計算機輔助翻譯: Computer Assisted Translation - Translation using software which assists the translator with consistency, speed, or project management. Translation memories and lexicons created from previous translations with CAT tools may be leveraged through the CAT's translator interface. CAT tools consist of tools to build, manage and use translation memories, terminology lexicons and translation projects.
character- 字元
charset, character set - 字集, 編碼, 文字集合: a (standard) collection of characters, e.g. iso8859, ISO-8859-1, Unicode, UTF-8, UTF-16
Chinese - 中文, 漢語, 華文: languages used in China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore and other Chinese locales
CJK or CJKV: abbreviation for the major languages of Asia - Chinese, Japanese, Korean (and Vietnamese) which have large character sets requiring specialized computer processing
computerization - 電腦化
content - 內容
CMS: Content Management System - 內容管理系統
cultural bias - 文化成見
cultural taboos - 文化禁忌
colors and cultural nuances - 顏色和文化上的細微差異
data - 資料
data markup - 資料標記
database - 資料庫
delimiter - 定界符
dialect - 方言: putonghua - 普通話 or guoyu - 國語, Taiwanese - 台語 or Minnanyu - 閩南與, Cantonese - 粵語, Shanghainese, Hakka - 客語...
document - 文件
document format - 文件格式
DTD: document type definition - 文件型別定義
document type declaration - 文件型別宣告
encoding, character encoding - 字集碼, 編碼, 編碼方式, 字符集編碼, 符號化: method or standard defining the correspondence between code representation (for computer use) and printable or displayable glyphs
element - 元素
entity - 實體
font - 字型: styled glyphs for a character set. ming - 細明體 in Windows, Kai - 標楷體 is Taiwan and SimSun - 簡宋 in China.
GB - 國標: character encoding used by China. GB is an abbreviation for "GuoBiao", meaning "national standard".
gb-2312: character set representing 7445 characters, including 6763 simplified Chinese characters, gb2312 may be encoded with ISO-2022 and GBK
GBK - 國標擃展: "extended" GB characters set, including 14,240 traditional form characters. Used by simplified Microsoft Windows 95 and 98
globalization - 全球化: addresses the business issues associated with taking a product global. In the globalization of high-tech products this involves integrating localization throughout a company, after proper internationalization and product design, as well as marketing, sales, and support in the world market. Abbreviated: G10N
glyph - 字形: a specific character
HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
Internationalization - 國際化: The process of generalizing or designing a product to be as culturally and technically "neutral" as possible allowing easy localization for a specific linguistic or cultural locale (LISA). A localized document can be easily adapted to a range of languages, cultures, technical or political locales without the need for re-design. Abbreviated: I18N
IME - 輸入法: input method allowing input from a large character set using a limited keyboard
implementation - 建置, 施行
ISO: International Standards Organization - 國際標準化組織
keyword - 關鍵字
language - 語言, 語文
lexicon, glossary, terminology database - 辭庫, 詞彙庫: list of corresponding terminology in different languages, usually locale, industry or project specific
LISA - Localization Industry Standard Association
localization - 當地化 (Taiwan), 地方化 (China), 本土化 (originally), 區域化, 地區化, 地域化: the process of adapting a product or service to a linguistic and cultural locale
locale - 區域環境, 地區設定: A discrete linguistic or cultural environment. A group of people within a common language and culture. For example, "zh-tw" indicates Chinese used in Taiwan.
mark up - 加標示
MAHT - 機器輔助翻譯: Machine-Assisted Human Translation - human translation using CAT tools
MLV - 多語言服務供應商: Multi-Language Vendor - a service provider who offers localization services into multiple target languages
MT - machine translation - 機器翻譯: Automatic translation of lexical and syntactic content
OCR - 光學辨識: Optical Character Recognition - software used to convert scanned images of text into text data.
parameter - 參數
parse - 語法分析: processing of a text file to extract desired data. Linguistic parsing may recognize words and phrases in text, and even recognize parts of speech.
pinyin - 拼音: "phonetic transcription" - system using roman letters to represent Chinese characters as syllables.
rc file, resource code file - 資源檔案
record - 記錄
reference - 參引
romanization - 羅馬拼音: alphabetic or phonetic representation of Asian languages, For example: zhuyin - 注音, pinyin - 拼音 or hanyu pinyin - 漢語拼音, Wade Giles, tongyong pinyin - 通用拼音
search engine - 搜尋引擎
segmentation - 語意區隔: Segmentation is the tokenizing of text into syntactic memes. These units may then be aligned to create translation memories or extracted to terminology lexicons to be used by CAT tools. Segments may be phrases, sentences or whole paragraphs. Segmentation identifies the atoms to translate. Segmentation is intuitive to the skilled linguist, but challenging to the best MT.
separator - 分隔符: character used to indicate the boundary of fields or segments. Often a tab, space or comma
simplified characters - 簡化字, 簡體字: simplified Chinese characters used in China, Singapore and by overseas Chinese
source language - 原稿語文: language from wihc the translation is made
tag - 標籤: non-content text element used to mark up and control the presenation of a document
target language - 目標語文: language into which a document is translated
text - 文字
TM - translation memory - 翻譯記憶: Stored units of associated text strings in language pairs from previous translations which can be suggested to translators (using CAT tools) translating similar content and language pair documents.
TMX - Translation Memory eXchange - 翻譯記憶交換
traditional characters - 繁體字: traditional characters used in Taiwan, Hong Kong and by overseas Chinese
translation - 翻譯: is only one of the activities in localization; in addition to translation, a localization project includes many other tasks such as project management, software engineering, testing, and desktop publishing.
transliteration - 字譯或音譯
Unicode - 統一碼, 萬國碼, 多國文字編碼: international 16-bit character set and encoding designed to represent all the characters of all the world's languages.
UTF - 通用轉換格式: "Universal Transformation Format" - including UTF-8 - a variable one to six byte encoding; and UTF-16 - the encoding for Unicode 2.0
XML: eXtensible Markup Language - 可擴展標示語言

當地化新聞

Friday, 21 November 2008

女議員分裂族裔做法柔市多數議員籲抗議嘉偉社區全中文課程引
由女市議員克拉克(Mrgaret Clark)提案，質疑嘉偉社區中心內的全中文課程，原因是接到一位柔市居民陳情，中心內的69堂課程中，有5門課程未提供英語或西班牙語，授課教師甚至不會說英語，或者只會說一點點英語，要求市議會通過加強教師英文能力的評選，或者額外提供英語翻譯 ...

工傷舉報網站提供中文服務
勞工因工作受傷，不僅可以用中文打電話通報，還可以上網找尋中文相關資料，從11月18日開始，「勞工安全局」（WorkSafeBC）網站多了中文資訊與服務，繁簡體都有，語音介紹也含括國語與廣東話。英文不純熟的新移民，剛來時很可能會在小店打零工，沒有額外健康保險，也沒有 ...

一銀提供英文契約釐清翻譯疏失
昨天至一銀抗議的連動債投資戶，訴求重點在一銀當初銷售時，在產品說明書上的中文翻譯與原文有所差異；一銀副總經理鄭美玲表示，這幾天將會把英文說明書發送各分行，將來如果客戶有任何疑義，可直接前往分行索取對照。她強調，目前就該行法務單位的研究，翻譯沒有問題。 ...

黛玉"放蕩"襲人"剽悍" <紅樓夢>翻譯不當遭批
裴鈺認為，在對《紅樓夢》人名的翻譯中，最糟糕的莫過于林黛玉了：“在早期英文版本中，黛玉被翻譯成BlackJade，也就是‘黑色的玉’。可是，問題出在英文本身。Jade的引申義有兩個，一個是loosewoman，有‘放蕩的女人’之意；另一個是horse，是‘馬’的意思。 ...

《紅樓夢》在海外遭惡搞襲人被翻譯為襲擊男人
在早期英文譯本中，鴛鴦被翻譯成：Faithful Goose，忠誠的鵝，可大家都知道鴛鴦並不是鵝。中國人講究輩分、宗親、血緣，親疏遠近，尊卑上下，劃分得極其細致，這一點，在《紅樓夢》裏表現得淋漓盡致，別說外國人，就是中文水平稍弱的國人，一時也難免會犯糊涂。 ...

Google 閱讀器可直接翻譯了（中文還不行）
記者從西班牙文轉成英文的翻譯看起來相當不錯，雖然是機器翻譯，但可讀性很高，不過若是從日文翻過來的就看不太懂了。（編按：我們測試Google中文版的閱讀器，雖然已有該選項，但還無法將英文翻成中文。）根據Google Reader部落格週二的文章，這一切都得感謝Brett ...

社會運動科技化網路開拓新管道
此外，官方網站上除了中文以外，還有英文、德文、韓文的翻譯，這些都是留學生自願協助加以翻譯，希望讓世界各地都能聽到野草莓運動的訴求，香港也有學生透過野草莓官網和台灣學生聯繫，發起跨海靜坐以表示對野草莓運動的支持。野草莓運動透過網路連線全台直播，提供 ...

助華裔申工傷賠償加卑詩省勞工安全局辟中文網
WorkSafeBC發言人麥克洛伊(Scott McCloy)指出，在WorkSafeBC中文網頁，除了有已翻譯成中文的數據外，還有說廣東話及普通話的網上短片供移民選擇，如果想再知道進一步情況，可致電WorkSafeBC的服務熱線，亦有說廣東話及普通話的服務人員協助解答。他說，任何在工業意外中 ...